Transformer in navigation: Diverse government roles for open innovation in China's high-speed rail

Based on a longitudinal case study of China's high-speed rail embedded in the emerging economy context, we focus on what role the government plays and how that matters to open innovation (OI) for competitive advantage. By linking the OI literature with the national political institutions literature to motivate our research question, we propose a statist-based OI view to differentiate diverse government roles, investigating how government adopts roles in a combined way to push OI in stages. Our findings suggest that government is an important strategic decision-maker for OI. Specifically, the government plays various roles as commander, protector, cultivator, and intermediator, reflecting state activism derived from national political institutions, to construct institutional-level OI for domestic OI activities, and inbound and outbound OI across national borders. We find government can deliberately and strategically use its diverse roles in a combined way to push OI for competitive advantage through the industrial evolutionary process over time. Our study contributes to the OI literature and integrates the strategic management literature with the study of OI to provide new insights to explain the origins of competitive advantage from the state perspective.     

学前教育体制机制研究的现实图谱和未来走向

学前教育体制机制研究是近年来一个热点、难点论域。运用科学计量可视化软件，结合内容分析，定量与定性相结合的方式系统回视了我国学前教育体制机制研究的实然面貌。并据此省思未来研究应多边集聚研究力量，促进学术共同体开放与融合；多元突破研究范式，促进理实之间对话与共生；多维聚焦研究主题，促进本土情境中问题剖析与解决。     

Identifying Systemically Important Banks: A temporal approach for macroprudential policies

Contrary to the general belief, systemic risk does not only regard the risk posed by balance sheet relationships and interdependencies among institutions. It also features a temporal dimension related to the inappropriate responses of financial market participants to changes in risk over time. This paper proposes a method to simultaneously address the cross-sectional and the time dimension in which systemic risk materializes. The method is based on the TOPHITS algorithm. It provides three scores, namely borrowing, lending and time scores: the first two represent the systemic importance of the borrowing and the lending activity associated with each financial institution,while the third represents an empirical Early Warning Signal of the financial crisis. Our findings reveal that the identification of the time score as an indicator for an incoming market distress could be relevant to design macro prudential policies.     

Exploring the roles of government involvement and institutional environments in the internationalization of Chinese Internet companies

The interactions between government, institutions, and Internet companies have gained attention in the research on the globalization of China’s Internet. However, few studies have been conducted at the company level, and the knowledge about the roles of government and institutions remains limited. Drawing on institutional theory, this empirical study explored the roles and mechanisms of government involvement and the institutional environment in the internationalization of Chinese Internet companies. The results indicated that government involvement could improve these companies’ degree of international breadth through both state ownership and governmental affiliation. However, the results showed that state ownership had a restraining function on their degree of international depth. In the context of institutional transition in China, these effects could vary according to whether Internet companies operate in good or poor institutional environments. By revealing these relationships, this study contributes to both the theoretical and the empirical understanding of governmental influence and institutional roots in the globalization of China’s Internet.     

构建民办高校学生党建微博平台的思考

微博作为新媒体领域的一个重要平台，已经渗透到高校学生学习、生活的各个方面，其教育载体的属性已然显现。然而，目前民办高校学生党建微博平台的建设尚处于起步阶段。民办高校应充分认识构建学生党建微博平台的必要性，探索其可行性路径，思考其深层次问题，不断提高学生党建平台建设的现代化水平。     

At the intersection of globalization and ‘civilizational originality’: cultural production in Putin’s Russia

ABSTRACT

This special issue originates from a transnational collaboration of scholars in philology, comparative literature, social theory, sociology, anthropology, ethnography, and media studies. The collection strives to advance a research agenda built on the nexus of three intellectual and academic domains: post-Soviet ‘Russian cultural studies’, the research paradigm put forward by Cultural Studies, as well as empirical methods developed in sociology. The collection illustrates the importance of expanding the experience of Cultural Studies beyond its established spheres of national investigation, while it also speaks to the necessity to re-evaluate the hegemony of the English-language academic and cultural production on the global scale. The collection offers insights into the gamut of cultural practices and institutional environments in which Russian cultural production happens today. It shows how cultural industries and institutions in Russia are integrated into the global marketplace and transnational communities, while they also draw on and contribute to local lives and experiences by trying to create an autonomous space for symbolic production at personal and collective levels. Through diverse topics, the issue sheds light on the agency, i.e. practitioners and participants, creators and consumers, of Russian cultural production and the neoliberal practices implemented on creative work and cultural administration in Russia today. The Introduction outlines the development of academic studies on Russian cultural practices since 1991; describes main political developments shaping the cultural field in Putin’s Russia; and, finally, identifies the Cultural Studies debates the editors of the collection find most productive for investigations of Russia, i.e. the instrumentalization of culture and culture as resource. Relocated in an analysis of a post-socialist society, these conceptualisations seem increasingly problematic in a situation where local and federal policies governing cultural and creative work focus simultaneously on marketization and on nationalism as the main tools of legitimizing the federal government.     

地方扶贫立法的路径、制度与理论反思

党的十八大以来,我国创造了减贫史上的奇迹,扶贫制度创新在其中起到了关键作用。当前国家层面的扶贫立法呈现出破碎性、多价值融合性等特征,因此,在整个扶贫开发过程中,地方扶贫立法成为重要的制度支撑。从地方立法的文本出发,结合理论和实际调研经验,解构构成当前地方立法的思想基础,批判性审视当前扶贫法律规范的社会性和逻辑性,发现各地区的扶贫立法呈现出趋同化、政策化和泛原则化的现象。未来的扶贫立法要加强对弱势群体的权利保护,尊重各地的区域差异和扶贫经验,在法律的框架内,促进扶贫立法与其他法律制度相衔接。     

选择性退出、多边间竞争与特朗普的反制度化国际战略

特朗普改变前任对国际制度的承诺和支持,在国际政治中执行了一种反制度化的国际战略。特朗普的反制度化国际战略由指导原则、主要目标和执行措施构成,是“美国优先”国家安全战略的有机组成部分。反制度化战略以选择性退出主义和竞争性多边主义为基本原则,通过国际制度内的抗议、退约、机制转移及新建国际制度等多重措施,试图把国际制度作为继续维持霸权地位的工具。反制度化国际战略具有历史延续性和当前特殊性相结合的特征,反映了美国的霸凌主义和单边主义。美国自认是自由国际秩序的牺牲品,力图改变现行国际制度体系;中国崛起给美国带来的恐慌和美国的地位焦虑,加速了美国终结其接触与融入的国际制度战略;而特朗普本人对国际制度持质疑态度,执意实施反制度化国际战略。特朗普反制度化战略引发多边主义危机,进一步恶化了基于规则的国际制度体系。不过,这一战略无法阻止多边主义和多边制度的发展演进。反制度化战略能否成功实现,取决于目标、能力与执行的匹配度及多极化的发展趋势。     

Theory of mind: are there wider implications from working with d/Deaf people?

An exploratory teaching approach was inspired by the communicative experiences of d/Deaf students in tertiary education. ‘Theory of Mind’ has been used by some to describe the capacity to appreciate that views of others may be different from our own, a concept that could provide a different way for students and educators to understand the barriers identified. An adapted assessment highlighted challenges faced and a communication group provided opportunities for extending personal understandings of social settings. Emerging ideas to inform practice and potential implications for inclusion have relevance for other contexts.     

Who governs or how they govern: Testing the impact of democracy,ideology and globalization on the well being of the poor

This paper examines the effects of regime type, government ideology and economic globalization on poverty in low- and middle-income countries around the world. We use panel regression to estimate the effect of these explanatory variables on two different response variables: national poverty gap (104 countries from 1981 to 2005) and child mortality rate (132 countries from 1976 to 2005). We find consistent and significant results for the interactive effect of democracy and government ideology: strong leftist power under a democratic regime is associated with a reduction in both the poverty gap and the child mortality rate. Democracy, on its own, is associated with a lower child mortality rate, but has no effect on the poverty gap. Leftist power under a non-democratic regime is associated with an increase in both poverty measures. Trade reduces both measures of poverty. Foreign direct investment has a weak and positive effect on the poverty gap. From examining factors that influence the welfare of poor people in less developed countries, we conclude that who governs is as important as how they govern.